Most of the
symbols used in this text follow conventions, but since conventions vary, the
following list indicates the meanings assigned to them here.
S = Subject
O = Object
N = noun
[U] = uncountable noun
[C] = countable
V = verb
pl = plural
sing = singular
Aux = auxiliary verb
Adj = adjective
Adv = adverb
prep = preposition
phr v = phrasal
verb
sth = something
sb = somebody
NP = noun phrase
VP = verb phrase
PP = prepositional phrase
AP = adjective phrase
AdvP = adverbial phrase
Det = Deteminers
mono-trans = mono-transitive
verb
complex trans = complex
transitive verb
etc = et cetera
meaning "and other similar things" or "and so on"
fig = figurative
esp = especially
usu = usually
fml = formal
infml = informal
derog = derogatory,
insulting
attrib = ttributive
pred = predicative
Brit = British
abbr = abbreviated
I = intransitive
verb
Ipr = intransitive
verb + prepositional phrase
Ip = intransitive
verb + adverbial particle
La = linking verb
+ adjective (phrase)
Tn = transitive
verb + noun (phrase)
Tn.pr = transitive
verb + noun (phrase) + prepositional phrase
Tn.p = transitive
verb + noun (phrase) + adverbial particle
Cn.t = complex
transitive verb noun (phrase) to-infinitive phrase